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Who używamy w odniesieniu do ludzi:

The girl who lives next door is very nice

who lives next door - stanowi zdanie podrzędne - relative clause

The girl - she lives nex door - is very nice.

The girl who lives next door is very nice.

I know a lot of Poles - they live in London.

I know a lot of Poles who live in London.

The man loved his car which was new.

The woman - she had a thick French accent - was very pretty.

The woman who had a thick French accent was very pretty.

That używamy w odniesieniu do rzeczy, zastępując it lub they.

Where is my pencil? It was on the table.

Where is my pencil that was on the table?

The building that I live in was built 50 years ago.

Which może być używane w stosunku do rzeczy, lecz nie do ludzi.

Where is the pencil which was on the table?