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Reported Speech – commands and requests - polecenia i prośby

Reported Speech - polecenia i prośby

Reported Speech – commands and requests

Environmentalists meet in Geneva 

Recently there has been a conference of environmentalists from European countries during which issues concerning the protection of the environment have been discussed. The conference chairman, Robert Smith told the reporters that the discussion had lasted two days and that representatives from different countries had not been able to reach agreement yet. Some of them advised the governments to cut gas emissions by 10%. Others suggested that climate changes are part of natural weather cycles and have nothing to do with emission of exhaust fumes and other gases into the atmosphere.  
 

Gramatyka

Relacjonując polecenia i prośby  w mowie zależnej stosujemy najczęściej następujący schemat: 

Osoba mówiąca + czasownik wprowadzający * + osoba, do której mówiono + bezokolicznik (w przypadku niektórych czasowników gerund czyli czasownik z końcówką „-ing”) + reszta zdania

*najczęściej używane czasowniki wprowadzające to ask i tell 
np. He said: ‘Close the door!’ → He told (asked) me to close the door.

Przykłady inne czasowników prowadzających:

    1. bezokolicznik: agree, demand, offer, refuse  
      np. He demanded to be given the refund.
    2. sb + bezokolicznik: advise, allow, beg, command, forbid, invite, order, warn 
      np. She warned me not to play truant.
    3. gerund: accuse sb of, apologise for, boast about*, deny*, suggest* 
      np. They suggested going to the cinema.

    *po czasownikach oznaczonych gwiazdką można też użyć that, 
    np. They suggested that we go to the cinema.

 

Exercise 1:

    Report the following commands using ‘ask’ and ‘tell’:

  1. ‘Don’t forget to close the window’ he said. 
    He asked ..........................................................................................
  2. ‘Write your answers in pencil’ the teacher said. 
    .........................................................................................................
  3. ‘Stop the car!’ he said. 
    .........................................................................................................
  4. ‘Put these bags there,’ he said. 
    .........................................................................................................

    Exercise 2:

    Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the word in bold:

    1. ‘I won’t help you,’ she said. 
         refused 
             She ........................................................................ 
    2.  ‘I didn’t steal the money,’ he said. 
         denied 
         He ........................................................................ 
    3.  ‘Let’s go to the theatre!’ said Nora. 
         suggested 
         Nora .................................................................... 
    4.  ‘Drop the gun!’ he shouted to the robber. 
         ordered 
         He .........................................................................

 

Key: 1) 1. me not to forget to close the window 2. The teacher told the students to write their answers in pencil. 3. He told him/her/them to stop the car. 4. She told him/her/us/them to put these bags there. 
2) 1. refused to help me/him/her 2. denied stealing/having stolen the money 3. suggested going to the theatre 
4. ordered the robber to drop the gun